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carrier sense multiple access
Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) is a probabilistic media access control (MAC) protocol in which a node verifies the absence of other traffic before transmitting on a shared transmission medium, such as an electrical bus, or a band of the electromagnetic spectrum.
''Carrier sense'' means that a transmitter attempts to determine whether another transmission is in progress before initiating a transmission. That is, it tries to detect the presence of a carrier signal from another node before attempting to transmit. If a carrier is sensed, the node waits for the transmission in progress to end before initiating its own transmission. In other words, CSMA is based on the principle "sense before transmit" or "listen before talk".
''Multiple access'' means that multiple nodes may send and receive on the medium. Transmissions by one node are generally received by all other nodes connected to the medium.
==Protocol modifications==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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